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	<front>
		<journal-meta>
			<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rbso</journal-id>
			<journal-title-group>
				<journal-title>Revista Brasileira de Saúde Ocupacional</journal-title>
				<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Rev. bras. saúde ocup.</abbrev-journal-title>
			</journal-title-group>
			<issn pub-type="epub">2317-6369</issn>
			<issn pub-type="ppub">0303-7657</issn>
			<publisher>
				<publisher-name>Fundação Jorge Duprat Figueiredo de Segurança e Medicina do Trabalho - FUNDACENTRO</publisher-name>
			</publisher>
		</journal-meta>
		<article-meta>
			<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1590/2317-6369ED0000220</article-id>
			<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">00010</article-id>
			<article-id pub-id-type="other">00101</article-id>
			<article-categories>
				<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					<subject>Editorial</subject>
				</subj-group>
			</article-categories>
			<title-group>
				<article-title>Desafios e paradoxos do retorno ao trabalho no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19</article-title>
				<trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
					<trans-title>Challenges and paradoxes of the return to work amidst the COVID-19 pandemic</trans-title>
				</trans-title-group>
			</title-group>
			<contrib-group>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-4944-5217</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Jackson Filho</surname>
						<given-names>José Marçal</given-names>
						<!--suffix>Filho</suffix-->
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1">*</xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-6908-7242</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Algranti</surname>
						<given-names>Eduardo</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref>
					<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1">*</xref>
				</contrib>
			</contrib-group>
			<aff id="aff1">
				<label>a</label>
				<institution content-type="original">Fundação Jorge Duprat Figueiredo de Segurança e Medicina do Trabalho (Fundacentro), Unidade Descentralizada do Paraná. Curitiba, PR, Brasil.</institution>
				<institution content-type="orgname">Fundação Jorge Duprat Figueiredo de Segurança e Medicina do Trabalho</institution>
				<institution content-type="normalized">Fundação Jorge Duprat Figueiredo de Segurança e Medicina do Trabalho</institution>
				<institution content-type="orgdiv1">Unidade Descentralizada do Paraná</institution>
				<addr-line>
					<named-content content-type="city">Curitiba</named-content>
					<named-content content-type="state">PR</named-content>
				</addr-line>
				<country country="BR">Brasil</country>
				<email>jose.jackson@fundacentro.gov.br</email>
			</aff>
			<aff id="aff2">
				<label>b</label>
				<institution content-type="original">Fundação Jorge Duprat Figueiredo de Segurança e Medicina do Trabalho (Fundacentro), Centro Técnico Nacional. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.</institution>
				<institution content-type="orgname">Fundação Jorge Duprat Figueiredo de Segurança e Medicina do Trabalho</institution>
				<institution content-type="normalized">Fundação Jorge Duprat Figueiredo de Segurança e Medicina do Trabalho</institution>
				<institution content-type="orgdiv1">Centro Técnico Nacional</institution>
				<addr-line>
					<named-content content-type="city">São Paulo</named-content>
					<named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
				</addr-line>
				<country country="BR">Brasil</country>
			</aff>
			<author-notes>
				<corresp id="c1"><italic>Contato:</italic> José Marçal Jackson Filho <italic>E-mail:</italic><email>jose.jackson@fundacentro.gov.br</email>
				</corresp>
				<fn fn-type="edited-by" id="fn1">
					<label>*</label>
					<p>Editor Chefe da RBSO</p>
				</fn>
			</author-notes>
			<!--pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
				<day>08</day>
				<month>07</month>
				<year>2020</year>
			</pub-date>
			<pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic"-->
			<pub-date pub-type="epub-ppub">		
				<year>2020</year>
			</pub-date>
			<volume>45</volume>
			<elocation-id>e23</elocation-id>
			<permissions>
				<license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="pt">
					<license-p>Este é um artigo publicado em acesso aberto sob uma licença Creative Commons</license-p>
				</license>
			</permissions>
			<counts>
				<fig-count count="0"/>
				<table-count count="0"/>
				<equation-count count="0"/>
				<ref-count count="17"/>
			</counts>
		</article-meta>
	</front>
	<body>
		<p>A questão do retorno ao trabalho e de seu planejamento é uma preocupação global. No dia 29 de maio, a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) organizou seminário virtual sobre o retorno ao trabalho<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1"><sup>1</sup></xref>. A discussão ocorreu no momento em que vários países da Europa iniciavam o processo de relaxamento do distanciamento físico e social e a retomada progressiva das atividades econômicas, a partir da estabilização e descenso da pandemia na região. A OMS estabeleceu os seguintes critérios<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2"><sup>2</sup></xref>:</p>
		<p>
			<list list-type="simple">
				<list-item>
					<p>1) A vigilância deve ser forte, o número de casos deve estar em declínio e a transmissão controlada.</p>
				</list-item>
				<list-item>
					<p>2) O sistema nacional de saúde deve ter a capacidade de detectar, isolar, testar e tratar todos os casos e rastrear todos os contatos.</p>
				</list-item>
				<list-item>
					<p>3) Os riscos de surtos devem ser minimizados em ambientes especiais, como unidades de saúde e asilos.</p>
				</list-item>
				<list-item>
					<p>4) Medidas preventivas devem ser implementadas em locais de trabalho, escolas e outros locais onde a circulação de pessoas seja essencial.</p>
				</list-item>
				<list-item>
					<p>5) Os riscos de importação do vírus devem ser gerenciados e controlados.</p>
				</list-item>
				<list-item>
					<p>6) A sociedade deve estar plenamente informada, engajada e empoderada para aderir às novas normas de convívio social.</p>
				</list-item>
			</list>
		</p>
		<p>Como exemplo dessa perspectiva, a cidade de Nova York, nos Estados Unidos, iniciou no dia 8 de junho sua reabertura, de acordo com parâmetros e indicadores definidos pelo <italic>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</italic> (CDC): declínio do total de hospitalizações, diminuição dos óbitos, número de novos casos de hospitalizações inferior aos limites estabelecidos, número de leitos de enfermaria e de UTI disponíveis, capacidade diagnóstica por testagem, capacidade de rastreamento de contatos<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3"><sup>3</sup></xref><sup>), (</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref>.</p>
		<p>Dessa forma, depois de asseguradas as condições necessárias para a recuperação do sistema de saúde, a etapa seguinte ao fechamento da economia é a retomada progressiva das atividades.</p>
		<p>Ao retomar as atividades, busca-se pretensa normalidade da vida cotidiana. No entanto, não nos encontramos próximos ao que seria uma situação normal, pelo contrário. Trata-se de momento crítico, diante do risco de nova onda da pandemia, que requer forte liderança política e sanitária em prol de ação coordenada dos diferentes setores governamentais e privados, embasada em visão sistêmica que compreenda as diversas esferas da vida no trabalho e na sociedade<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6"><sup>6</sup></xref><sup>), (</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref>. Assim, voltando ao exemplo de Nova York, havia grande preocupação com a segurança dos usuários dos transportes públicos, pois eram esperados 400 mil trabalhadores na primeira das quatro etapas previstas para a retomada das atividades<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3"><sup>3</sup></xref>.</p>
		<p>O processo progressivo de retomada necessita de organização robusta e muitos cuidados, sobretudo nos locais de trabalho, pois, conforme se observou durante a pandemia, as condições de realização de atividades essenciais podem favorecer a ampla transmissão do vírus. Situações de trabalho com muitos trabalhadores em proximidade ou contato com o público, espaços com ventilação deficiente e ou com sistemas fechados propiciam alto risco de transmissão, como se pode observar em serviços de teleatendimento<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8"><sup>8</sup></xref>, plantas da indústria de abate<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref> e unidades de refino e produção de petróleo<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10"><sup>10</sup></xref>. Deve-se considerar ainda a manutenção do trabalho remoto quando viável e do isolamento de pessoas pertencentes a grupos de risco. Assim, com mais pessoas em casa, haverá menor número de trabalhadores circulando no transporte público, diminuindo a circulação do vírus.</p>
		<p>Dentro da política de retomada das atividades, deve-se tratar das suas condições e planejamento: temas próprios da comunidade profissional do campo da Segurança e Saúde do Trabalhador (SST). Os regulamentos, conhecimentos e técnicas, já disponíveis no campo da SST, somam-se aos construtos recentes produzidos na busca de proteção aos trabalhadores durante a pandemia, servindo como fundamento para o planejamento e implementação do retorno ao trabalho por parte das empresas e instituições<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref><sup>), (</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref>.</p>
		<p>Segundo a Organização Internacional do Trabalho (OIT), o retorno ao trabalho deve ser considerado e, posteriormente, implementado como política pública que coordena e regula as ações nas empresas e instituições. Necessita ser cuidadosamente estudado, planejado e organizado a fim de mitigar os riscos e proteger os trabalhadores em seu retorno<sup>7,12</sup>.</p>
		<p>Para a OIT, as políticas nacionais devem se valer das convenções e dos regulamentos a fim de assegurar os direitos dos trabalhadores, evitar discriminações, garantir a aplicação dos dispositivos que asseguram o trabalho decente, a prevenção de riscos e condições seguras de trabalho na situação atual, incluindo questões de saúde mental. Os sistemas nacionais de prevenção, assim como as instâncias de negociação tripartite, devem promover o diálogo social, favorecendo ampla informação aos trabalhadores. Para serem efetivas, segundo a OIT, é necessária ação coordenada integrando diferentes setores do governo e envolvendo representação dos empregadores e trabalhadores<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref>.</p>
		<p>Quanto às empresas, o retorno seguro ao trabalho depende da elaboração de plano cuidadoso, elaborado por equipe preparada, no qual devem ser considerados diversos aspectos e critérios, que, orientados a partir da avaliação de riscos dos diversos postos de trabalho, permitam definir as etapas do retorno, as operações e ou serviços e quantos e quais trabalhadores devem voltar, segundo as etapas<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref>.</p>
		<p>Medidas devem ser implementadas de acordo com a hierarquia de controles: controles de engenharia e administrativos, como sistema de ventilação adequado, anteparos entre postos de trabalho, rearranjo do espaço para manter distanciamento entre trabalhadores, organização escalonada das equipes, limpeza sistemática das superfícies e ambientes, dentre outros; utilização de equipamentos de proteção e treinamento dos trabalhadores<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref><sup>), (</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref><sup>), (</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref>.</p>
		<p>Os trabalhadores devem integrar e participar ativamente da elaboração e da implementação do plano de retorno<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref><sup>), (</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref>. Eles poderão detectar acertos e/ou falhas nas medidas de prevenção e propor medidas corretivas, quando necessário.</p>
		<p>Todavia, algumas experiências práticas em curso mostram as dificuldades e contradições de elaborar plano para implementação do retorno a partir das recomendações dos órgãos de controle<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref>. Como evitar que seus empregados utilizem serviços públicos de transporte? Como manter a circulação das pessoas nas empresas, por exemplo, por meio de elevadores em edifícios corporativos, quando se recomenda o distanciamento e, portanto, limitação do número de pessoas<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref>?</p>
		<p>Além disso, o planejamento e implantação do retorno, em ambientes de trabalho que precisarão funcionar com inúmeros protocolos de segurança<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref>, pode colocar os envolvidos em situação contraditória, tornando-a sem sentido<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref>. Em matéria recente publicada no <italic>The New York Times</italic>, alguns desafios e contradições são evidenciados para o retorno ao trabalho nos escritórios de empresas americanas<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref>. Essa perda de significado se expressa na questão colocada por um responsável pela implementação do retorno presencial de uma corporação norte-americana: se o que justifica a presença dos trabalhadores nos espaços corporativos é a necessidade de colaboração entre eles, como fazê-lo mantendo distância, impedindo contatos em proximidade e usando máscaras? Enfim, para que trazer de volta os trabalhadores se a colaboração é constrangida por tantos protocolos?</p>
		<p>Essa contradição fundamental, associada às incertezas que permanecerão quanto à segurança na volta ao trabalho e aos riscos presentes nos meios de transporte, materializa os desafios atuais para a comunidade de SST. Além disso, esses aspectos evocam também a necessidade de assistir e mitigar os riscos psicossociais associados e os problemas de saúde mental que poderão acometer os trabalhadores<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref>. De fato, estamos longe da normalidade.</p>
		<p>Enfim, outros países, entre eles Brasil, México, Índia e Rússia, retornam às atividades econômicas sem se adequarem aos protocolos da OMS<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15"><sup>15</sup></xref><sup>), (</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16"><sup>16</sup></xref>. O recente caos observado em algumas cidades do Brasil<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17"><sup>17</sup></xref> mostra que, no contexto de reabertura econômica, sem que sejam observadas as premissas necessárias, o problema não se limitará aos espaços de trabalho, colocando em risco, não apenas, a população trabalhadora, mas a população como um todo.</p>
	</body>
	<back>
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	<!--sub-article article-type="translation" id="s1" xml:lang="en">
		<front-stub>
			<article-categories>
				<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					<subject>Editorial</subject>
				</subj-group>
			</article-categories>
			<title-group>
				<article-title>Challenges and paradoxes of the return to work amidst the COVID-19 pandemic</article-title>
			</title-group>
			<contrib-group>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-4944-5217</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Jackson</surname>
						<given-names>José Marçal</given-names>
						<suffix>Filho</suffix>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2">*</xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-6908-7242</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Algranti</surname>
						<given-names>Eduardo</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>2</sup></xref>
					<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2">*</xref>
				</contrib>
			</contrib-group>
			<aff id="aff3">
				<label>a</label>
				<institution content-type="original">Fundação Jorge Duprat Figueiredo de Segurança e Medicina do Trabalho (Fundacentro), Unidade Descentralizada do Paraná. Curitiba, PR, Brasil.</institution>
			</aff>
			<aff id="aff4">
				<label>b</label>
				<institution content-type="original">Fundação Jorge Duprat Figueiredo de Segurança e Medicina do Trabalho (Fundacentro), Centro Técnico Nacional. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.</institution>
			</aff>
			<author-notes>
				<corresp id="c2"><italic>Contact:</italic> José Marçal Jackson Filho <italic>E-mail:</italic> jose.jackson@fundacentro.gov.br</corresp>
				<fn fn-type="edited-by" id="fn2">
					<label>*</label>
					<p>Editor-in-Chief of RBSO</p>
				</fn>
			</author-notes>
		</front-stub>
		<body>
			<p>The issue of planning and returning to work is a global concern. On May 29, the World Health Organization (WHO) held a virtual seminar on “return to work”<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1"><sup>1</sup></xref>, a discussion that took place when several European countries began the process of relaxing physical and social distancing-following the stabilization and decline of the pandemic in the region-and gradually resuming economic activities. For such an endeavor, the WHO established the following criteria<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2"><sup>2</sup></xref>:</p>
			<p>
				<list list-type="simple">
					<list-item>
						<p>1) Surveillance must be strong, the number of cases must be declining and transmission controlled.</p>
					</list-item>
					<list-item>
						<p>2) The national health system must have the capacity to detect, isolate, test and treat all cases and track all contacts.</p>
					</list-item>
					<list-item>
						<p>3) Outbreak risks should be minimized in special environments, such as health facilities and nursing homes.</p>
					</list-item>
					<list-item>
						<p>4) Preventive measures should be implemented in workplaces, schools and other places where the movement of people is essential.</p>
					</list-item>
					<list-item>
						<p>5) The risks of importing the virus must be managed and controlled.</p>
					</list-item>
					<list-item>
						<p>6) Society must be fully informed, engaged and empowered to adhere to the new norms of social interaction.</p>
					</list-item>
				</list>
			</p>
			<p>As an example of this perspective, New York City started its reopening on June 8 according to parameters and indicators defined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): decline in total hospitalizations, decrease in deaths, number of new hospitalization cases below the established limits, number of infirmary and ICU beds available, diagnostic testing capacity and ability to track contacts<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3"><sup>3</sup></xref><sup>), (</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref>.</p>
			<p>After ensuring the necessary conditions for recovering the health system, the step following closing the economy is the progressive resumption of activities.</p>
			<p>When resuming activities, the supposed normality of daily life is sought. However, we are far from what would be a normal situation, on the contrary. This is a critical moment, given the risk of a new wave of the pandemic. It requires strong political and health leadership in favor of an action coordinated by different governmental and private sectors, based on a systemic view that includes the different spheres of life, at work and in society<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6"><sup>6</sup></xref><sup>), (</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref>. Thus, going back to the example of New York, there was great concern on the safety of users of public transport, as 400 thousand workers were expected in the first of the four stages planned for resuming activities<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3"><sup>3</sup></xref>.</p>
			<p>The progressive resumption process requires robust organization and care, especially in the workplace, since, as observed during the pandemic, the conditions for carrying out essential activities can favor widespread viral transmission. Work situations with many people in close proximity or in contact with the public, spaces with poor ventilation, provide a high risk of transmission, as it happened in call centers<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8"><sup>8</sup></xref>, slaughterhouses<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref> and oil and refining production plants<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10"><sup>10</sup></xref>. It should also consider maintaining remote work when feasible and isolating people pertaining to risk groups. With more people at home, fewer workers will be circulating in public transport, reducing the circulation of the virus.</p>
			<p>Within policies for resuming activities, one must deal with its conditions and planning: specific areas of the Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) community. The regulations, knowledge, and techniques already available in the field of OSH add to recent constructs produced in the search for protecting workers during the pandemic, serving as pillars for planning and implementing the return to work designed by companies and institutions<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref><sup>), (</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref>.</p>
			<p>According to the International Labor Organization (ILO), return to work must be considered and, later, implemented as a national public policy that coordinates and regulates actions in companies and institutions. It must be carefully studied, planned and organized as to mitigate risks and protect workers on their return<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref><sup>), (</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref>.</p>
			<p>For the ILO, national policies must address conventions and regulations to ensure workers’ rights, avoid discrimination, ensure the application of standards that guarantee decent work, the prevention of risks and safe working conditions regarding the current situation, including mental health issues. National prevention systems, as well as tripartite negotiating bodies, should promote social dialogue, favoring ample information for workers. To be effective, according to the ILO, coordinated action is needed, integrating different government sectors and involving representation from employers and workers<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref>.</p>
			<p>As for the companies, safe return to work depends on elaborating a careful plan, prepared by a skilled team, in which several aspects and criteria must be considered. Guided by the risk assessment of the various jobs, companies can define the stages of return, operations and/or services and how many and which workers must return<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref>.</p>
			<p>Measures must be implemented according to the hierarchy of controls: engineering and administrative controls, such as an adequate ventilation system, screens between workstations, rearrangement of space to maintain distance between workers, scheduling work teams, systematic cleaning of surfaces and environments, among others; use of protective equipment and training of workers<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref><sup>), (</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref><sup>), (</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref>.</p>
			<p>Workers must integrate and actively participate in preparing and implementing the return plan<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref><sup>), (</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref>. They will be able to detect correct and/or flawed preventive measures and propose corrective measures, when necessary.</p>
			<p>However, some practical experiences in progress show the difficulties and contradictions of conceiving a plan to implement return to work based on the recommendations of the control bodies<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref>. How to prevent your employees from using public transport services? How to maintain the circulation of people in companies, using elevators in corporate buildings, for example, when distancing is recommended and limits the number of people<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref>?</p>
			<p>Besides, planning and implementing return policies in work environments that will require several safety protocols<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref> can put those involved in a contradictory situation, rendering it meaningless<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref>. A recent article published in The New York Times highlighted some challenges and contradictions regarding the return to work in offices of American companies<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref>. A question posed by a person responsible for implementing the face-to-face return of a North American corporation express this loss of meaning: if what justifies the presence of workers in corporate spaces is the need for collaboration, how to do it when keeping distance, avoiding close contact and wearing masks? Why bring workers back if collaboration is constrained by so many protocols?</p>
			<p>This fundamental contradiction, associated with the uncertainties that will remain regarding safety and the risks in public transportation, materializes the current challenges for the OSH community. These aspects also evoke the need to assist and mitigate the associated psychosocial risks and mental health problems that may affect workers<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref>. In fact, we are far from normal.</p>
			<p>Finally, other countries, including Brazil, Mexico, India and Russia, are resuming economic activities without respecting the WHO protocols<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15"><sup>15</sup></xref><sup>), (</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16"><sup>16</sup></xref>. The recent chaos observed in some Brazilian cities<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17"><sup>17</sup></xref> shows that, in the context of economic reopening, without observing the necessary premises, the problem will overcome work spaces, putting at risk not only the working population, but the population as a whole.</p>
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